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    Whatever happened to the penny? A history of our one-cent coin.

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Coin designs of Emanuel Hahn

By: David Bergeron


August 2, 2017
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An Emanuel Hahn First World War memorial design in Lindsay, Ontario. (Wikimedia Commons, Richard BH, Hamilton, ON)

Emanuel Hahn was a celebrated Canadian sculptor whose work can be seen in the monuments of many Canadian cities. Born in Germany in 1881, Hahn immigrated to Canada with his family at the age of 7. Along with medals and a number of significant war memorials, Hahn designed some of Canada’s most distinctive and iconic coins. The voyageur silver dollar, the Bluenose dime, the caribou 25 cent piece and the 1939 silver dollar commemorating the Royal Visit of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth were all Hahn designs.

Pencil drawing by Emanuel Hahn sketching features proposed for the back of the 1935 silver dollar.
(NCC 1963.059.015.004)

In 1934 the Department of Finance invited Emanuel Hahn to submit a design for a silver dollar commemorating the silver jubilee of the reign of King George V. Hahn corresponded with the Royal Mint in London and the Royal Canadian Mint to gain insight into the process of minting a coin before submitting a drawing depicting a voyageur and a First Nations man paddling a canoe. To ensure accuracy, Hahn studied the designs of traditional canoes and the paintings of Frances Anne Hopkins. Hahn’s design was approved with only a few minor changes and was used as the standard pattern for the Canadian silver dollar until the introduction of the ‘Loonie’ in 1987.

Pencil drawing by Emanuel Hahn showing studies of human figure and arm.
(NCC 1963.059.015.005)

Pencil drawing by Emanuel Hahn showing refined details of graphic elements for back of 1935 dollar.
(NCC 1963.059.015.006)

Following the success of the voyageur silver dollar, Hahn was among several artists invited to submit designs for new Canadian coinage to be released in conjunction with the accession of King George VI, in 1937. Hahn produced no less than 16 sketches. His caribou (proposed for both the nickel and the quarter) and his Bluenose were both selected for the new coins. All of the designs put into circulation in 1937 are still to be found on Canada’s circulating coinage today. Hahn left an impressive mark on Canadian currency and all Canadians can be proud to have a ‘Hahn original’ in their pockets.

Reverse of 1935 silver dollar designed by Emanuel Hahn.
(NCC 1978.058.285b1)

Emanuel Hahn’s legacy of coins, drawings, plaster models and correspondence is preserved in the National Currency Collection of the Bank of Canada.

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Content type(s): Blog posts

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The Museum Blog

June 15, 2016

New Acquisitions

By: Paul S. Berry


In May 2013, staff of the Bank of Canada Museum visited BABN and were able to select for the National Currency Collection more than 650 steel dies (small, engraved metal or “intaglio” plates) and other production tools formerly used by the company to prepare the intaglio printing plates.
Content type(s): Blog posts
May 24, 2016

A bank NOTE-able Woman II

By: Graham Iddon


On 15 April, the public consultation to select an iconic Canadian woman to appear on a bank note closed. Over 26,000 nominations were received following the Bank of Canada’s open call—a great success.
Content type(s): Blog posts
May 11, 2016

New Acquisitions

By: Paul S. Berry


Canadians, on occasion, have used money as a signboard for political protest, a platform for social commentary and even as a handy notepad on which to record fleeting thoughts before they are lost.
Content type(s): Blog posts
April 11, 2016

A bankNOTEable Woman

By: Graham Iddon


Representing significant women on national currency is gaining momentum all over the world. At least 12 countries currently feature historically notable women on their money…
Content type(s): Blog posts
March 30, 2016

Museum Reconstruction - Part 4

By: Graham Iddon


It seems a pretty strange building but now it has a solid roof, glass walls and doors. Doors? Ah, there’s your clue. It’s no skateboard park—it’s the entrance portico for the Bank of Canada Museum.
Content type(s): Blog posts
March 15, 2016

Decoding E-Money II

By: Graham Iddon


This has been an extremely challenging exhibition to develop. We are taking, for us, the unprecedented step of interpreting something that is not only current but continually changing.
Content type(s): Blog posts
February 18, 2016

New Acquisitions

By: David Bergeron


In late April of 2015, the National Currency Collection finally succeeded in acquiring a Spanish gold cob—famous in legends and tales of pirates and their buried treasures!
Content type(s): Blog posts
December 17, 2015

What’s in Your Stocking?

By: Graham Iddon


Every prop in the holiday drama generally has some sort of symbolic meaning—evergreen trees: life in the dead of winter, holly: Christ’s crown of thorns, the dreidel: Jewish resistance to oppression. Money, on the other hand, only seems to symbolize itself.
Content type(s): Blog posts
November 10, 2015

Money from Space

Do you notice anything peculiar about this bank note? It’s blue; it’s denominated as 5-dollar; it has handsome portraits of Sir Wilfred Laurier on it…hold on a minute!
Content type(s): Blog posts
October 29, 2015

Royal Canadian Numismatic Association

By: Raewyn Passmore


Nova Scotia has long been a centre of trade that connected Europe, New England and the West Indies. Following the American Revolution, Halifax became the primary British port in North America and a hub of financial activity.
Content type(s): Blog posts
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